People shake their heads when I tell them I saw it that night. The force of the wave removed all trees and vegetation from elevations as high as 1720 feet (524 meters) above sea level. On the night of July 9, 1958, an earthquake along the Fairweather Fault in the Alaska Panhandle loosened about 40 million cubic yards (30.6 million cubic meters) of rock high above the northeastern shore of Lituya Bay. The cliff where the rockslide originated is on the right side of Gilbert Inlet. It must have risen several hundred feet. They came off the glacier like a big load of rocks spilling out of a dump truck. That went on for a little while—it's hard to tell just how long—and then suddenly the glacier dropped back out of sight and there was a big wall of water going over the point. This mass of rock plunged from an altitude of approximately 3000 feet (914 meters) down into the waters of Gilbert Inlet (see map below). This is the highest wave that has ever been known.Lituya Bay is an ice-scoured tidal inlet on the northeast shore of the Gulf
It has a maximum
Neither water drainage from a lake, nor landslide, nor the force of the earthquake itself led to the megatsunami, although all of these may have contributed. Miller, United States Geological Survey.This is an isoseismal map showing the impact of the Magnitude 7.7 Alaska Earthquake of July 9, 1958 in Modified Mercalli Scale units. When will the next one occur? Big chunks of ice were falling off the face of it and down into the water. The front of Lituya Glacier with lateral and medial moraines is seen terminating in Gilbert Inlet. of Alaska. Brim of hat is 12 inches in diameter. The largest tsunami ever recorded on Earth occurred on July 9, 1958. Evidence suggests that it was not the first of its kind. Photo by D.J. I don't mean it was just hanging in the air.
It is about seven miles long (11.3 kilometers) and up to two miles wide (3.2 kilometers).
This tree is located about seven miles (11.3 kilometers) from where the wave originated. Near the crest of the Fairweather Mountains sit the Lituya and the North Crillon glaciers. I know you can't ordinarily see that glacier from where I was anchored. The wave hit with such power that it swept completely over the spur of land that separates Gilbert Inlet from the main body of Lituya Bay. He had documented evidence for at least four previous large waves with estimated dates of 1936, 1899, 1874, and 1853 (or 1854). This is the lar This location is seven miles (11.3 kilometers) away from where the wave originated. Photo by D.J. Photo by D.J. Tree trunks can be seen in the water and tree stumps along the lower shoreline.
All of these waves were significant in size, but shoreline evidence for all of them was removed by the 1958 wave. The force of the wave took out trees 1,720 feet above sea level. Trees and soil were stripped away to an elevation of 1720 feet (524 meters) above the surface of Lituya Bay.
depth of about 720 feet (219 meters), but a sill of only 32 feet (9.7 meters) in depth separates it from the Gulf of Alaska between La Chaussee Spit and Harbor Point. This is a Landsat Geocover image of Lituya Bay produced with Landsat data collected by NASA about forty years after the tsunami. It seems to be solid, but it was jumping and shaking like crazy. Millions of trees were uprooted and swept away by the wave. Lituya Bay has a history of megatsunami events, but the 1958 event was the first for which sufficient data was captured at the time.
Lituya Bay was in the area of XI intensity.
The opposite valley wall on the left side of Gilbert Inlet received the full force of the big wave, stripping it of soil and trees. I know the glacier is hidden by the point when you're in Anchorage Cove, but I know what I saw that night, too. If a tsunami hits a relatively float shore, the wave will push inland rather than up. The mountains were shaking something awful, with slide of rock and snow, but what I noticed mostly was the glacier, the north glacier, the one they call Lituya Glacier. Instead, the megatsunami was caused by a massive and sudden A subsequent analysis that examined the wider impact of the event found that the rockfall itself was inadequate to explain the resulting accounts and evidence.Miller, Don J., 1954, "Cataclysmic Flood Waves in Lituya Bay, Alaska",
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